Here in the U.K., the kids are back at school, which is usually a cue for some child-focused stories to emerge in the press. One pearl of a story that recently surfaced concerned a trial in which certain food additives (colorings, mainly) were tested in children aged 3 and 8–9. This research, undertaken in Southampton, found that these additives appeared to spark "hyperactive" behavior in children [1].
The offending items tested in the study included E211 or sodium benzoate (a preservative) and the food dyes E102 (tartrazine), E104 (quinoline yellow), E110 (sunset yellow), E122 (carmoisine), and E129 (allura red).
The government's Food Standards Agency has issued a warning regarding these additives, and offers the following advice: "If a child shows signs of hyperactivity or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), then eliminating the colors used in the Southampton study from their diet might have some beneficial effects."
And then, ever so helpfully, the FSA adds: "If parents are concerned about any additives they should remember that, by law, food additives must be listed on the label so they can make the choice to avoid the product if they want to."
No talk of a ban then? Nope. Or even some restriction on the addition of these chemicals in the food supply? I'm afraid not. No doubt, the reasons for the FSA's decision to shift the onus of responsibility away from food manufacturers and on to parents are complex. However, perhaps this tack has something to do with the seemingly cozy relationship the FSA has with the food industry.
The FSA's statement includes this rather telling passage: "The FSA has held an initial meeting with the U.K. food industry to discuss the research findings and its implications. Representatives from manufacturing and retail organizations told the Agency there was already a trend within industry toward finding alternatives to the colors used in the study. Some technical challenges in developing these alternatives were also highlighted."
How does that read to you? To me, it suggests that the food industry has spouted the usual rhetoric about taking positive steps, but that for reasons that relate primarily to their bottom line (profit, not public health), nothing much is going to happen any time soon.
As I have pointed out before, those responsible for advising the FSA can have close ties with the food industry. The FSA is advised on policy by a committee called the Advisory Committee on Research (ACR). Many members of the committee benefit financially directly from the food industry. Note also that one member is a full-time employee of the food conglomerate Unilever.
Would it be too much to ask of the body responsible for setting food policy in the U.K. to find advisors that are not full-time employees of food companies and are not so financially intertwined with the food industry?
Apparently so. And while such a potentially unwholesome relationship exists, my belief is that the FSA has a serious credibility issue.
References:
1. McCann D, et al. Food additives and hyperactive behavior in 3-year-old and 8- to 9-year-old children in the community: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (07) 61306-3
Dr. John Briffa is a London-based doctor, author, and health writer with an interest in nutrition and natural medicine.
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