ISLAMABAD—Pakistan's Supreme Court reinstated Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry in an historic ruling on Friday, that dealt a blow to President Pervez Musharraf who suspended the country's top judge four months earlier.
Chaudhry became a symbol of resistance to General Musharraf after refusing to quit in the face of pressure from the president and his intelligence chiefs, and was lionised by supporters in rallies round the country.
"The reference has been set aside and the chief justice has been reinstated," Justice Khalil-ur-Rehman Ramday, the head of the 13-member bench, said at the end of the two-month-old case.
Chaudhry's defiance created the greatest challenge to Musharraf since he came to power in a coup eight years ago, and his reinstatement could create problems for Musharraf's plans for re-election for a second five-year term in the coming months.
Lawyers in court stood and clapped as the decision was read, while shouts of "Go, Musharraf, Go" resounded among the throng of supporters for the chief justice gathered outside.
Musharraf's move against the judge sparked a nationwide lawyers' movement to defend the judiciary's independence and handed opposition parties a hot issue in an election year.
On a number of occasions pro-Chaudhry protests have turned violent. At an attempt to address a rally of lawyers in Karachi on May 12 about 40 people were killed when pro-government activists clashed with opposition supporters hoping to welcome Chaudhry to the city.
Former prime minister Benazir Bhutto, who hopes to return from self-exiled for elections and has held talks with Musharraf's emissaries over a possible deal, said the ruling could calm down Pakistan's political scene.
"I welcome the development of this restoration of the chief justice ... this will help defuse some of the frustrations but not all of the frustrations," she told journalists in London.
Varied Charges
The mish-mash of misconduct charges against Chaudhry included using influence to get his son a job, fiddling petrol expenses and that he had a penchant for expensive cars.
The government filed a statement in the court last month in which it also accused Chaudhry of harassing judges, showing bias in appointments and intimidating police and civil servants.
Musharraf's real motive for trying to get rid of Chaudhry, many critics suspect, was that the judge could allow constitutional challenges to his plans to get re-elected by current assemblies before they are dissolved for a general election at the end of the year.
Opposition parties may also challenge Musharraf's right to stand for a second term while still army chief, a post he is constitutionally obliged to give up by the end of the year.
Musharraf had earlier said he would accept whatever decision the court reached regarding Chaudhry, and his Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz issued a statement saying much the same.
"I would like to emphasise that we must all accept the verdict with grace and dignity reflective of a mature nation.
"This is not the time to claim victory or defeat. The constitution and the law have prevailed and must prevail at all times," Aziz said.
Musharraf has repeatedly said Aziz had initially forwarded the accusations against Chaudhry last March, obliging him to file the reference, as the case is called.
Political analyst and newspaper columnist Ayaz Amir said the rare decision against the government showed Pakistan possessed the strongest Supreme Court in its history.
Pakistan has been ruled by generals for more than half the 60 years since its formation after the partition of India in 1947, and it is the first time that the judiciary has given a ruling against a military ruler.
The country's top court has been regarded as too compliant ever since a ruling in the late 1950's which coined the phrase "doctrine of necessity" to justify the first military takeover.
"This is a big reversal that President Musharraf has suffered," Amir told the Dawn News television channel.
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