ADDIS ABABA—The African Union is ready for a controversial peacekeeping mission in Somalia despite challenges its troops have faced in Darfur, a top official said on Tuesday.
A.U. peace and security director Geofrey Mugumya was upbeat about the likelihood of a Ugandan-led African peacekeeping mission in Somalia. It would be tasked with bolstering an interim government challenged by the rise of powerful Islamists.
"Ugandan forces are ready and will go if the arms embargo is lifted or modified," he said, adding that the U.N. Security Council was meeting in November to mull such a change, a pre-requisite for an African intervention.
The Mogadishu-based Islamists have threatened to fight any foreign troops, and al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden has said such an intervention would justify jihad.
But Mugumya insisted an African force would calm the situation, rather than inflame it. "What we want is to protect the Transitional Federal Government, so it does not go back to being stateless; we want to put water on the fire," he said.
"It's always consensus minus one. ... And can you get consensus from Osama bin Laden?"
Pan-African Army on Standby?
Though backed by the West and the Horn of Africa's most powerful nation, Ethiopia, the Somali government has little control beyond the outlying town of Baidoa, which is its base.
Some diplomats say if a proposed Ugandan troop vanguard goes in, it might call the Islamists' bluff, and enable the government to rally forces from disparate militia currently lying dormant around Somalia.
Uganda has emerged as the only nation probably able to send troops to Somalia in the short-term because most others in the east African regional body IGAD, which would head the mission in coordination with the A.U., border Somalia and fear being drawn into a conflict that could spill across their own territory.
Uganda has said it could fund itself in Somalia for six months, and other funds could be found from the European Union and elsewhere to gradually increase the force to 10,000 or more, Mugumya said.
It is all theoretical, however, if the United Nations fails to alter its arms embargo on Somalia, which is, despite the restrictions, awash with weapons. The country has been in chaos since the 1991 ouster of a dictator.
"You obviously can't send troops unarmed," Mugumya said. Aspiring to provide local solutions to Africa's crises, the A.U. is hoping to set up a five-brigade standby force for rapid intervention by 2010.
Darfur, however, came too early, Mugumya said of the A.U. mission in Sudan's Western region. Conflict there has killed an estimated 200,000 people and displaced another 2.5 million since early 2003, despite thousands of A.U. troops on the ground.
"The A.U. finds itself between a rock and a hard place. If it leaves, what would happen? If we stay, do we have resources?" he said.
The A.U. mission's mandate ends on Dec. 31, and the pan-African body is struggling even to rotate current battalions, let alone add an intended six more at a cost of roughly $80 million.
"Sometimes you get promises [of funds], but they are not translated into reality," he told Reuters at A.U. headquarters in Ethiopia, saying an Arab League pledge of $50 million to boost the Darfur mission had not yet materialized.
"Here we spend most of our time smiling at donors rather than on real issues."
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